How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is only a condition of children, however it can affect adults as well. If diagnosed and treated for ADHD the patient can improve their life.
Interviewing the person and their family members may be a part of an evaluation for ADHD. The specialist might review old school records to see whether symptoms began in childhood.
Symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying organized from time to time, but for someone who has ADHD, these problems interfere with school, work and home life. To be able to identify the disorder, someone must exhibit severe symptoms in at least two of these areas, and prove that the symptoms significantly hinder daily functioning. The symptoms must have been present for at least six months.
To determine a diagnosis, doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and inquire about their family history and medical conditions. They may also employ rating systems to measure symptoms in adults and children. These questionnaires are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive.
Adults may be asked to speak with their significant other or someone who knows them well. This isn't to doubt the authenticity of the person, but rather to gain insight into the person's behavior that cannot be gleaned from a questionnaire. They may ask about childhood behaviors and use old school records in order to determine if symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis the doctor will conduct physical examinations and tests in the lab to rule out other health issues, like thyroid problems or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the patient's list of medications. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other issues. This is why it's important for adults to talk to their primary care physicians in the event that they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD, the symptoms must be evident in at least two settings (such as school, home and at work) and cause impairment to functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and can't be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional will use different tools to assess the patient, including ADHD symptom lists as well as standardized scales of behaviour as well as a thorough medical history. They might also talk to family members or friends to find out how the symptoms affect them. They may also inquire whether there are other psychiatric disorders or physical illnesses that display similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are serious or mild. They will also examine the patient's medical and familial background to determine if there are underlying causes for their issue like thyroid issues or head injuries.
In certain instances an evaluator might decide to perform cognitive testing or have the person undergo an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, including learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders or addiction to drugs. why not look here with these disorders often show different symptoms than those without these problems. For instance, boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms and girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD are interested in taking part in a clinical study to test new treatments. This is an excellent opportunity to further research. However, participants must be aware that the main goal of these studies is to gain scientific knowledge and not necessarily the guarantee of treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more details about clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect they have ADHD it is important to find a professional who is experienced in diagnosing the disorder. Ask your health insurance provider for confirmation if ADHD specialists are covered. You may also ask your family doctor or other healthcare professionals for referrals. Word-of mouth recommendations are also a good alternative.
A doctor will interview the patient -or their parents, in the case of children -- about symptoms. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and request details from other people in the patient's life, like spouses and family members. Personal insight can provide more information than what can be gleaned from questionnaires.
Experts will also look over documents from the past and reports, particularly those from the past. The diagnosis of ADHD is often based on the history of a person. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must have been present since the time of childhood (technically before age 12).
A physical exam is also typically performed. It's also a way to check for other medical conditions which could be causing symptoms, for instance seizures or thyroid issues. A neurological exam is usually conducted by the expert to check the coordination and motor control. Psychological tests, which are designed to assess intelligence and ability, might be utilized as well. In addition one could be asked to perform simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This will help the professional determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive or impulsive. The expert will decide on the best treatment plan and then make an appropriate diagnosis. The treatment typically includes medication and therapy. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping skills and alter unhelpful thinking patterns. The therapy can be offered by a primary physician or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD get better by taking medication. However it is not the only method of treating the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, or a combination can be beneficial for adolescents, children as well as adults. These therapies assist them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to live with these symptoms. Psychoeducation, which is a form of education on ADHD and ways to manage it, can be included. They can include family members, teachers and professionals.
It is essential to find a health care provider or mental health professional who has previous experience treating ADHD. You can seek suggestions from others who suffer from ADHD or from a mental health professional you already know, or perform an online search. It is essential to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance.
The health professional will inquire with you or your child about the symptoms and problems caused by ADHD. They will do an examination of the body and look for other health problems that may cause similar symptoms. They will review your or your child's medical and family history, school records, and other reports.
Finding out if you have ADHD in adults can be a bit more difficult due to the fact that the Symptom Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily designed to diagnose children. Your health care provider may interview you or your children about their symptoms and have others who spend a lot of time with them fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine and atomoxetine and nonstimulants like atomoxetine and antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD also have co-occurring disorders, such as depression or anxiety. This is why treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment which teaches techniques such as time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
adhd diagnosis uk can also assist patients manage their symptoms by altering their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthier diet is important too. People with ADHD tend eat more sugar and fat, and less fruit and vegetables. Also, making family and social relationships an important factor can reduce stress levels and help individuals feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can help children and adults better understand their challenges. For instance, a child suffering from ADHD might have difficulty communicating their needs to peers and teachers however, once a teacher is aware that it's not due to a lack of motivation accommodations can be provided.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the individual's age, talk to family members and teachers, read medical records, and look for any comorbidities. For adults, records from school could be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms started before the age of adulthood.
The specialist will also check for any hearing or vision problems with hearing or vision. They may also perform tests on blood to check for certain hormones, and other health conditions which can cause symptoms and signs of ADHD.